php-fpm 进程池优化方法
2019-05-24 php-fpm进程池开启进程有两种方式，一种是static，直接开启指定数量的php-fpm进程，不再增加或者减少；
另一种则是dynamic，开始时开启一定数量的php-fpm进程，当请求量变大时，动态的增加php-fpm进程数到上限，当空闲时自动释放空闲的进程数到一个下限。
这两种不同的执行方式，可以根据服务器的实际需求来进行调整。
1、要用到的一些参数，分别是pm、pm.max_children、pm.start_servers、pm.min_spare_servers和pm.max_spare_servers。
; Choose how the process manager will control the number of child processes.
; Possible Values:
; static - a fixed number (pm.max_children) of child processes;
; dynamic - the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the
; following directives. With this process management, there will be
; always at least 1 children.
; pm.max_children - the maximum number of children that can
; be alive at the same time.
; pm.start_servers - the number of children created on startup.
; pm.min_spare_servers - the minimum number of children in 'idle'
; state (waiting to process). If the number
; of 'idle' processes is less than this
; number then some children will be created.
; pm.max_spare_servers - the maximum number of children in 'idle'
; state (waiting to process). If the number
; of 'idle' processes is greater than this
; number then some children will be killed.
; ondemand - no children are created at startup. Children will be forked when
; new requests will connect. The following parameter are used:
; pm.max_children - the maximum number of children that
; can be alive at the same time.
; pm.process_idle_timeout - The number of seconds after which
; an idle process will be killed.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm = dynamic
; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the
; maximum number of child processes when pm is set to 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'.
; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be
; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork.
; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP
; CGI. The below defaults are based on a server without much resources. Don't
; forget to tweak pm.* to fit your needs.
; Note: Used when pm is set to 'static', 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm.max_children = 20
; The number of child processes created on startup.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Default Value: min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers - min_spare_servers) / 2
pm.start_servers = 20
; The desired minimum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.min_spare_servers = 10
; The desired maximum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.max_spare_servers = 30
2、pm表示使用那种方式，有两个值可以选择，就是static（静态）或者dynamic（动态）。
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm = dynamic
如果dm设置为static，那么其实只有pm.max_children这个参数生效。系统会开启参数设置数量的php-fpm进程。
如果dm设置为dynamic，4个参数都生效。系统会在php-fpm运行开始时启动pm.start_servers个php-fpm进程，然后根据系统的需求动态在pm.min_spare_servers和pm.max_spare_servers之间调整php-fpm进程数。
3、下面4个参数的意思分别为：
pm.max_children：静态方式下开启的php-fpm进程数量，在动态方式下他限定php-fpm的最大进程数（这里要注意pm.max_spare_servers的值只能小于等于pm.max_children）
pm.start_servers：动态方式下的起始php-fpm进程数量。
pm.min_spare_servers：动态方式空闲状态下的最小php-fpm进程数量。
pm.max_spare_servers：动态方式空闲状态下的最大php-fpm进程数量。
4、错误1：
pm.start_servers(70) must not be less than pm.min_spare_servers(15) and not greater than pm.max_spare_servers(60)
要求pm.start_servers的值在pm.min_spare_servers和pm.max_spare_servers之间
5、[24-May-2019 02:34:50] WARNING: [pool www] seems busy (you may need to increase pm.start_servers, or pm.min/max_spare_servers), spawning 16 children, there are 0 idle, and 19 total children
[24-May-2019 02:34:51] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (20), consider raising it