Unix Philosophy
2013-04-18
无论管理还是开发linux/unix系统,理解Unix哲学（Unix Philosophy）都会提高生产力。
部分Unix哲学：
1、 皆为文件：everything is a file;
2、 简单原则：KISS Principle（keep it simple, stupid）， 尽量用简单的方法解决问题;
3、 Make each program do one thing well一个程序只做一件事，并做好;
4、 糟糕更好（Worse is better）。程序随需求而增长
5、 优化原则：先求运行，再求正确，最后求快。（Make it run, then make it right, then make it fast.）
6、 小既是美：Small is beautiful. Write programs that do as little as is consistent with getting the job done.
三条Write programs哲学：
Write programs that do one thing and do it well.
Write programs to work together.
Write programs to handle text streams,because that is a universal interface.
Basics of the Unix Philosophy:
1.Rule of Modularity: Write simple parts connected by clean interfaces.
2.Rule of Clarity: Clarity is better than cleverness.
3.Rule of Composition: Design programs to be connected to other programs.
4.Rule of Separation: Separate policy from mechanism; separate interfaces from engines.
5.Rule of Simplicity: Design for simplicity; add complexity only where you must.
6.Rule of Parsimony: Write a big program only when it is clear by demonstration that nothing else will do.
7.Rule of Transparency: Design for visibility to make inspection and debugging easier.
8.Rule of Robustness: Robustness is the child of transparency and simplicity.
9.Rule of Representation: Fold knowledge into data so program logic can be stupid and robust.
10.Rule of Least Surprise: In interface design, always do the least surprising thing.
11.Rule of Silence: When a program has nothing surprising to say, it should say nothing.
12.Rule of Repair: When you must fail, fail noisily and as soon as possible.
13.Rule of Economy: Programmer time is expensive; conserve it in preference to machine time.
14.Rule of Generation: Avoid hand-hacking; write programs to write programs when you can.
15.Rule of Optimization: Prototype before polishing. Get it working before you optimize it.
16.Rule of Diversity: Distrust all claims for “one true way”.
17.Rule of Extensibility: Design for the future, because it will be here sooner than you think.
参考：
http://www.linfo.org/unix_philosophy.html
http://ph7spot.com/musings/in-unix-everything-is-a-file
http://www.faqs.org/docs/artu/ch01s06.html